ancfinland ANC Finland Mission An inventory of the ANC Canada Mission Office Finding aid prepared by Mosoabuli Maamoe and Mduduzi Mpanza. University of Fort Hare Library, ANC Archives August 03, 2005
Finding aid encoded by Khanyisa Bottoman on August 03, 2005 Overview of the Collection University of Fort Hare Library, ANC Archives
ANC Finland Mission Office ANC Finland Mission Records 1986-1993 0.5 linear metre The Finnish mission or "ANC Information Office" was officially opened in Helsinki on October 11, 1988, with Mohamed Hussein appointed as Chief Representative. The office received a great deal of support from Finnida, the Finnish International Development Agency, and published a monthly newsletter in Finnish. In 1991, Hussein participated in a meeting with Chief Representatives from ANC offices in Sweden, Norway and Denmark to discuss the "current situation" of the ANC and issues common to the offices of the Nordic region. With the unbanning of the ANC and the repatriation of members, the Helsinki office closed in July 1993. ancfinland The records are in English. Biographical Note

When the Nationalist Government banned the African National Congress (ANC) on 8 April 1960, the ANC began operating underground in South Africa. Outside the country the ANC started to establish itself as the official voice of South Africa's vote less masses. By the 1970s recognition of the ANC's legitimacy was growing, not only amongst the multiplicity of non-governmental anti-apartheid organizations, but also among foreign governments.

The first missions were opened in London, Accra, Cairo, and Dar-es-Salaam. By 1980, the ANC had offices and representatives in many countries. The external missions worked to win support for the overthrow of apartheid by promoting the cause of the ANC and urging international economic pressure against the South African government. The missions also provided assistance to South African exiles. Following the banning of the organisation, Oliver Tambo, President General of the ANC left South Africa to head of the ANC's external operations.

On 2 February 1990 the bans on the ANC and other political organisations were lifted. A process of negotiations between the unbanned organisations and the South African government ensued. In 1992 the ANC instructed its missions to collate and box their records for shipment to South Africa. These records were to form the basis of the official archives of the ANC, from which a true history of the ANC's role in the struggle against apartheid could be written.

The Finnish mission or "ANC Information Office" was officially opened in Helsinki on October 11, 1988, with Mohamed Hussein appointed as Chief Representative. The office received a great deal of support from Finnida, the Finnish International Development Agency, and published a monthly newsletter in Finnish. In 1991, Hussein participated in a meeting with Chief Representatives from ANC offices in Sweden, Norway and Denmark to discuss the "current situation" of the ANC and issues common to the offices of the Nordic region. With the unbanning of the ANC and the repatriation of members, the Helsinki office closed in July 1993.

Scope and Contents

The records include correspondence, brochures, and newsletters, documenting cultural cooperation between the ANC and Finland, Finnish perspectives and stance to Apartheid and sanctions against South Africa, and relations with other ANC departments and organisations in support of the ANC. Some of these organisations include Finnida, the Democratic Union of Finnish Women, EELAK (Isolate South Africa Campaign), and Radio1. Also included are photographs from the press conference held at the official opening of the office in October 1988.

 Arrangement

This collection consists of a single series, the Subject Files (.2 linear meters), which span the years 1986-1993.

 Index Terms

This record series is indexed under the following controlled access subject terms.

Persons: Mohamed Hussein Places: Helenski, Finland Restrictions on Access

The Collection is Open

 Acquisition Information

ANC Archives Committee

 Detailed Description of the Collection Subject Files 1 1 ANC Department of Arts and Culture (DAC), 1989-1992 1 2 ANC Department of International Affairs (DIA), 1988-1993 1 3 ANC Department of Information and Publicity (DIP), 1987-1992 1 4 ANC Department of Legal and Constitutional Affairs, 1989-1993 1 5 ANC Office of the Treasurer-General, 1990, 1993 1 6 ANC Women’s League, 1986, 1991-1992 1 7 ANC Youth League, 1989-1993 1 8 Consultation Between Nordic Missions, 1991, 1993 1 9 Democratic League of Finnish Women, 1987-1988 1 10 Finnida – General, 1986-1993 1 11 Finnish Peace Committee Culture – Finnish Artists for Peace, 1986-1993 1 12 Finland – Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1987-1993 1 13 Finland – Nordic Policy on South Africa, 1988-1992 1 14 EELAK_(Isolate South Africa Campaign), 1988-1992 1 15 Mandela, Nelson – Reception Committee, 1990 1 16 Mazimbu, 1987-1992 2 17 Organisations, 1988-1992 2 18 Peace education Institute, 1988-1992 2 19 Photographs: Official Opening of the Mission Office, 1988 2 20 Political parties (Correspondence), 1988-1993 2 21 Projects-Dakawa, 1989-1991 2 22 Projects sponsorship, 1988-1992 2 23 Publicity-Brochures, 1990-1993 2 24 Publicity-Newsletter, 1989-1993 2 25 Repatriation committee, 1991 2 26 South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU), 1988-1993 2 27 Unions correspondence, 1988-1993 2 28 World Peace Council (WPC): Nordic Antiapartheid Movements, 1988-1993 2 29 Youth Organisations , 1986-1991 Accruals Correspondence 1 1 ANC Eastern Transvaal, Nelspruit,, 1991 1 2 ANC Project Department,, n.d., 1987, 1990-1992 1 3 ANC students in Finland, re: Barney Mogane studying Electronics , 1988-1991, 1993 1 4 ANC students in Finland, re: Cynthia Boom studying Masters in Education, Includes her progress report, 1988-1993. 1 5 ANC students in Finland, re: Gerald Mohlala studying Masters in Education, 1988-1990 1 6 ANC students in Finland, re: Habibu Nahara, originally part of VTC group returned to Finland on own accord to marry, 1991-1992 1 7 ANC students in Finland, re: Sisa and Louisa Nawana, 1987-1988 1 8 ANC students in Finland, re: Steve Bodise studying Masters in Library and Information Science,, 1986-1992 1 9 ANC students in Finland, re: Wandile Zulu studying Masters in Education. Includes his progress report, 1986-1989, 1991 1 10 ANC students in Finland, re: William Mojoro studying Fine Arts. Includes his progress report, 1988-1992 1 11 ANC students in Finland studying for Vocational Instructor Programme for VTC in Dakawa , 1986-1991, 1993 1 12 ANC Vocational Training Centre, , 1988-1989 1 13 ANC Women’s Section, 1987-1988 1 14 ANC Youth League, 1991 1 15 Chief Rep (Finland) and National Preparatory Committee, ANC conference, re: conference preparatory document discussed with students in Finland, 1991 2 16 Chief Representative Office, 1988-1993 2 17 Chief Rep. Office, re: closure of ANC office in Finland and termination of various services such as office insurance, newspaper subscription, security systems (alarm disconnection), office rent, bank accounts, office equipments (franking machine, fax machine, telefax), 1992-1993 2 18 Department of Arts and Culture, 1989-1990 2 19 Department of Education, 1986, 1988-1990, 1992 2 20 Department of Health, 1989-1990 2 21 Department of International Affairs, 1988-1993 2 22 Department of Logistics, 1989 2 23 Department of Manpower and Development, 1990 2 24 Elections, 1990-1993 2 25 Eristetaan Etela-Afrikka Kampaja (EELAK), The Campaign for isolation of South Africa in Finland, 1986-1987,1990. Includes resolution of People’s Assembly Against Apartheid, , 17-18 Jan. 1987 2 26 International Solidarity Foundation, re: ANC furniture factory in Mazimbu. Includes Vuyisile Mini Furniture Factory, 1986,1989-1991 2 27 Lauri Kanyas and ANC (Stockholm) re: opening information offices for ANC and SWAPO in Finland and directing resources among others to Pan African News Agency, August 5, 1987 2 28 The Left-Wing Alliance, 1991-1992 2 29 Letters from people of Finland to ANC Chief Rep. On various issues. Includes letters congratulating ANC for the struggle against apartheid, requesting information about ANC, general letters, 1988-1992 3 30 Mohamed Hussein and Alpheus Mongezi (Director of Schools) Solomon Mahlangu Freedom College, re: report on the meetings held in Helsinki, 23 October, 1989 3 31 Mohamed Hussein and Chief Rep in Luanda, 1989 3 32 Mohamed Hussein and Department of Information and Publicity (DIP), 1987-1988, 1992-1993 3 33 Mohamed Hussein and Finnish International Development Agency (FINNIDA), 1988-1993 3 34 Mohamed Hussein and Ministry of Foreign Affairs – FINNIDA, , 1988-1989, 1992-1993 3 35 Mohamed Hussein and Preparatory Committee, International Solidarity Conference, 1993 3 36 Mandela Reception Committee of Finland, 1990-1991 3 37 Office of the President, O.R Tambo, 1988 3 38 PAND International, performers and Artists for Nuclear Disarmament, 1988-1989 3 39 Pension fund documentation, 1989-1992 3 40 Regarding ANC Viana Project, 1985-1988, 1990 3 41 Regarding employment of Pirjo Liisa Virtaintoppal by ANC in Finland, 1989-1991. Includes employment contract, 1989-1990, 1989 - 1991 3 42 Regarding Pretoria Youth Choir, 1990 3 43 Regarding the installation of security system in the ANC office, Finland, 1988-1989 3 44 Regarding library/archives project in Mazimbu, Dakawa. Includes repatriation of ANC library/archives materials from Tanzania to South Africa, Johannesburg. University of Fort Hare archives project, 1985, 1987-1993 4 45 Regional Treasurer’s Office, 1989 4 46 Repatriation Committee, 1990-1992 4 47 Scandinavian Mission Chief Rep., 1986-1988 4 48 Social Democratic Party, 1988-1990 4 49 Soumen Naiten Demokraattinen Litto, Democratic League of Finnish Women, 1986-1987 4 50 Soumen Ylioppilaskuntien Litto Finland Studentkarers Forbund, National Union of Finnish Students, 1986,1988 4 51 Taksvarkkicommittee 85, Garment factory and leather workshop. Includes schedule of execution, n.d., 1987-1988, 1990-1991 4 52 Treasurer-General’s Office, 1986, 1988-1993 4 53 Treasurer-General’s Office – Department of Finance, 1990-1992 4 54 Treasure-General’s Office re: Viana project, 1985, 1989-1990 4 55 Visit to Finland. Includes Barbara Masekela, member of cultural group, Thami Mnyele quartet, 1989-1990 4 56 Visit to South Africa. Includes John A Stotesbury (senior lecturer in English, University of Joensuu, Finland), South North Theatre Workshop, n.d., 1991 4 57 Worker’s Education Association of Finland, re: Vocational Training project ANC/Finnish/TSL, 1992 Minutes 5 1 Agreed minutes of the meeting between ANC and International Solidarity Foundation and FINNIDA, Dakawa, October 22, 1990 5 2 ANC Department of Education meeting with Mohamed Hussein, Lusaka, 1988. Includes meeting with Mirja Salonen, Arusha Donor’s Conference, 1991 5 3 ANC Garment Factory and Leather Workshop meeting, n.d., 1990 5 4 ANC and International Solidarity Foundation of Finland meeting, 1989-1990 5 5 ANC library/archives project meeting, 1989-1991 5 6 ANC students in Finland meeting. Includes meeting with Chief Representative, n.d., 1987-1989 5 7 Consultation meeting between ANC and Workers Education of Finland (TSL), October 21, 1990 5 8 Consultative meeting of ANC Nordic representatives. Includes Nordic/Frontline States Foreign ministers meeting, list of participants, 1988-1990, 1992 5 9 Finnish/ANC review meeting, 1990-1991 5 10 Meeting between the ANC and the Finnish Peace Committee (FPC), Finnish Africa Committee (FAC) and Finsolidarity delegations, Lusaka, 1987 5 11 Mid-term consultations of ANC and Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland, August 21-23, 1989 5 12 Mid-term meeting on the Finnish Humanitarian Assistance to the ANC-Helsinki, August 21-22, 1989 5 13 Minutes of planning workshop for ANC VTC Dakawa, 1991 5 14 The review meeting on the ANC Finnish Humanitarian Assistance to the ANC, Dar-es Salaam, 1992. Includes minutes prepared by ANC Economic Department, minutes prepared by Dar-es Salaam Embassy of Finland, 5 15 Summary record of the meeting on the Finnish Humanitarian Assistance to the ANC, , 30 July, 1990 Reports 6 1 ANC Instructor Training Course, report of the teachers, 6 2 ANC Finnish Office, 1988,1990 6 3 ANC Garment and Leather Factory in Dakawa, n.d., 1989-1991 6 4 ANC library project. Includes phase II report, 1987-1993 6 5 ANC library project, budget, 1991-1992 6 6 ANC library project, evaluation, 1989-1990 6 7 ANC project budget covering FINNIDA contribution, 19 November, 1987 6 8 ANC project proposal to be funded by FINNIDA. Includes funding proposal to FINNIDA (Draft), ANC Library project report, 1988 Jul. 1 – Dec. 31, Vocational Training Center, Dakawa, N.G.O. project for ANC, ANC Department of Health, ANC farm improvement project, 1988-1990 6 9 ANC Viana Centre, 25 September, 1986 6 10 ANC Viana Project Funds via Fisol-Finland statement, 1984-1986 6 11 ANC Vocational training project, phase 2, project proposal, 1991-1993 6 12 Annual consultations on the Finnish Humanitarian Assistance to the ANC, summary records, 1987,1989-1991 6 13 Construction of Garment Factory and Leather Workshop at ANC Development Centre-Dakawa in the United Republic of Tanzania, guidelines for the submission of tenders by contractors , [1985] 6 14 Evaluation of ANC Vocational Training Centre, Dakawa, Morogoro, Tanzania, [1990] 6 15 The evaluation on report on Taksvarkki’s project in Tanzania and Nicaragua. English version is found at the back, [1990] 6 16 Fact finding on Dakawa Vocational Training Centre, , August, 1992 7 17 FINNIDA/ANC educational programmes, progress report, 19 August, 1989 7 18 FINNIDA Humanitarian Assistance to ANC. Includes list of topics to be discussed, programme consultations, assistance in kind and construction programmes, financial frame, 1987, 1989-1990,1992 7 19 FINNIDA report of the survey concerning the ANC Education system in Mazimbu and Dakawa by Terttu-Liisa Aho (Programme Officer) and Tuija Stenback (Education Advisor) Helsinki, 16 January,1990 7 20 Humanitarian Assistance for maintenance of refugees in Zambia and Tanzania, material deliveries, 1989-1990 7 21 Humanitarian aid for the liberation aspirations in 1989, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Development Cooperation, Office of Food and Humanitarian Aid, 1989 December 31. Includes a correspondence from Treasurer-General to the Director of Division for Humanitarian Assistance (Pirkko Kourula), 1989-1990 7 22 Mazimbu/Dakawa archives project report on mission to Tanzania , [1992] 7 23 The Mazimbu Furniture Factory project, 1986,1990. Includes budget, 1990-1991 7 24 Memorandum on Finnish assistance to ANC from Department of Education, 1989 7 25 Organising Committee for the Return of Political Exiles, registration forms, 1990 7 26 Preliminary proposal on salaries for ANC workers in Tanzania, n.d. 7 27 Programme of ANC delegation to Finland, 1990, 1993 7 28 Progress report of Viana project. Includes reports 6-10, 1986-1987 7 29 Proposal for Dakawa Cultural Centre, Tanzania, Department of Arts and Culture, n.d 8 30 Report from the Finnish Mission to the special fundraising workshop, Oslo, 15-21 March,1989 8 31 Report on students studying in Finland, 1988-1991 8 32 Report on discussion with FINNIDA in Helsinki, , June 5, 1986 8 33 Report on FINNIDA, funded activities with the ANC (health services), Lusaka, October, 1990 8 34 Report on preparative tour of SADACC, countries for the South North Theatre workshop, 8 35 Report on proposed library building, ANC development Centre, Dakawa. Includes preliminary drawings, 1990 8 36 Resolutions adopted by Nordic Anti-Apartheid Movement in Helsinki, 1990 8 37 Revised Worker’s Education Association of Finland (TSL) budget, 1991 8 38 Scholarship application forms, 1987 8 39 Vocational Instructor Training for Dakawa Vocational Training Centre, consultancy report, 20 April, 1988 8 40 Vocational Instructor Training Programme, teaching practice period (in Vocational Training Centre of Dakawa), 1989 June 7 – August 2, June 7 – August 2, 1989 8 41 Vuyisile Mini Furniture Factory. Includes evaluation report by International Solidarity Foundation, suggestion for starting the sale and marketing, proposal and summarized report, n.d., 1987,1990 Statement/Discussion Documents 9 1 Agreement between ANC and Finsolidarity (Fisol). Includes agreement with Finnish Peace Committee (FPC), Finnish Africa Committee (FAC), n.d., 1989 9 2 Agreement between the ANC Women’s Section and Democratic League of Finnish Women, n.d. 9 3 Consultancy contract between ANC and Finnish International Development Agency (FINNIDA, 1991 9 4 Contract agreement ANC and Taksvarkkitaimukanta, Garment Factory and Leather Workshop at the ANC Development Centre, Dakawa, United Republic of Tanzania, n.d., 1987 9 5 The Finnish legation, presentations. Includes visit if Foreign Affairs Committee to South Africa, Foreign Affairs Committee of Parliament in Southern Africa, postscript from the forbidden city of Pretoria, 1989 9 6 Message to Tiedonantaja Festival, Kiljava, , 6-7 June, 1992 9 7 New challenges of foreign policy in a changing world, statement on the International Affairs, the Finnish Social Democratic Party, xxxiv (36th) Party Congress, Helsinki, 1993 June 3-6. Includes introductory speech on the International statement by Markku Hyvarinen, General Secretary, , 4 June, 1993 9 8 Plan on action, ANC Vocational Training Centre, Dakawa , n.d 9 9 The terms of lease for business or office flat (ANC office), 9 10 Prospect for a new South Africa, article written for SNT magazine by National Council of youth organizations, , March, 1991 9 11 We support them, an article in KTV’s (Municipal Workers and Employees Union) magazine, , n.d.